소요의 철학 아카이브

A List of Works in Progress

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Ravenscroft on Empathy

2023-2 Metaphysics of the Self Segment 2 (I.Ravenscroft, "Empathy and Knowing What It's Like") Q) Do you believe that empathy can give us the knowledge of what it's like for someone to have a certain experience E? Explain your thinking.If we take the notion of qualia and the private self simultaneously, empathy cannot give us the knowledge of what it's like for someone to have a certain experien..

Coplan on Empathy

2023-2 Metaphysics of the Self Segment 2 ( A. Coplan, "Understanding Empathy") Q) According to Coplan, there are three essential features of empathy. What are these? Describe each one.According to Coplan, the three essential feature of empathy are:(1)   Affective matching: affective matching occurs only if an observer’s affective states are qualitatively identical to a target’s, though they may ..

Barnes on Disability

2023-2 Metaphysics of the Self Segment 2 (E. Barnes, ch.1, "Constructing Disability", in The Minority Body: Theory of Disability) Q) Present an example of a naturalistic account of disability. What sort of objection(s) does Barnes raise against it?The naturalistic account defines disability as a departure from normal functioning or the species norm. Barnes challenges this account by arguing that..

Rea on a Self-Conferred Identity

2023-2 Metaphysics of the Self Segment 2 (M. Rea, "Gender as a Self-Conferred Identity") Q) What does M. Rae mean by gender being a self-conferred identity? What motivates this account?The self-conferred identity account suggests that genders are socially constructed and is determined by an individual’s autobiographical identity. The self-conferred identity account is thus a realist, social cons..

Haslanger on Gender and Race

2023-2 Metaphysics of the Self Segment 2 (S.Haslanger, "Gender and Race: (What) Are They? (What) Do We Want Them to Be?") Q) According to Haslanger, in what ways are the definitions of race and gender similar?First, both gender and race are real. Second, both race and gender are social categories. Third, neither gender nor race is chosen, but the forms they take can be resisted or mutated. Fourt..

Neisser on Self-Knowledge

2023-2 Metaphysics of the Self Segment 2 ( U. Neisser, "Five kinds of self knowledge") Q) Neisser argues that five distinct kind of self-knowledge give rise to five different selves. Which ones are these? List them and briefly describe them.According to Neisser, there are five different aspects of the self as follows:(1)   The ecological self: the self as perceived with respect to the physical e..

Olson on Human Animal

2023-2 Metaphysics of the Self Segment 2 (E. Olson, ch.1 and 6 of Human Animal) 9. According to Olson, what would happen to us if we were to find ourselves in a persistent vegetative state? And what would happen to us in the cerebrum transplant case? How would the proponent of the Psychological Approach respond to the two cases? A persistent vegetative state is a situation where my brain is dama..

Parfit on Reasons and Persons

2023-2 Metaphysics of the Self Segment 2 (D.Parfit, ch.10-12 of Reasons and Persons) Q) Which approach to personal identity does Parfit take? State the four main theses that he wants to argue for in his part III of Reasons and Persons.                                Derek Parfit is one of the most influential defenders of the psychological approach to personal identity. He suggests four main the..

The Physical and Psychological Criteria of Personal Identity

2023-2 Metaphysics of the Self Segment 2 ( H. Noonan, "An Initial Survey", ch.1 of Personal Identity ) Q) State the metaphysical problem of personal identity. Are philosophers after the numerical or qualitative identity of persons through time? Make sure to briefly explain the difference between these two concepts.Generally, identity is conceptually distinguished into (1) Qualitative identity (i..