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Khalidi (2015) Three Kinds of Social Kinds

2024-2 Social OntologyKhalidi, Muhammad Ali (2015). Three Kinds of Social Kinds. Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 90 (1):96-112.  1. Social Kinds and Human KindsSocial kinds, or human kinds, are frequently said to be different from natural kinds for various reasons.① they are ontologically subjective since they depend on human mental attitudes for their very existence (Searle 1995).② the..

2024-2 Social Ontology Searle, J. R. (1995). The Construction of Social Reality. New York: Free Press. [31-57] 1. Some Apparent Features of Social RealityTo begin, let us identify some of the apparent features of social reality we would like to explain. Because I believe philosophical investigations should begin naively (how they proceed and conclude is another matter), I will simply list half a..

2024-2 Social Ontology Searle, J. R. (1995). The Construction of Social Reality. New York: Free Press. [1-29]  The Building Blocks of Social Reality1. The Metaphysical Burden of Social Realitythere are portions of the real world, objective facts in the world, that are only facts by human agreement. In a sense there are things that exist only because we believe them to exist. I am thinking of thi..

2024-2 Social OntologyMason, Rebecca & Ritchie, Katherine (2020). Social Ontology. In Ricki Bliss & James Miller (eds.), The Routledge Handbook of Metametaphysics. New York, NY: Routledge, 312-324. Traditionally, social entities have not fallen within the purview of mainstream metaphysics. [...] Here, in addition to surveying the field of social ontology, we consider whether the exclusion of soc..

Bernstein, S. The metaphysics of intersectionality. Philos Stud 177, 321–335 (2020).  Viewing social identities as intersectional has become central to understanding how various dimensions of race, gender, sexual orientation, disability status, and class interact to yield more complex forms of discrimination than those suffered by persons who fall under only one category. In this paper I develop..

2023-2 Metaphysics of the Self Segment 3 1. Neisser argues that five distinct kind of self-knowledge give rise to five different selves. Which ones are these? List them and briefly describe them.According to Neisser, there are five different aspects of the self as follows: (1)   The ecological self: the self as perceived with respect to the physical environment.(2)   The interpersonal self: the ..

2023-2 Metaphysics of the Self Segment 2 1. State the metaphysical problem of personal identity. Are philosophers after the numerical or qualitative identity of persons through time? Make sure to briefly explain the difference between these two concepts.Generally, identity is conceptually distinguished into (1) Qualitative identity (i.e., identity of properties) and (2) Numerical identity (i.e.,..

2023-2 Metaphysics of the Self Segment 1 1. What are the main features of conscious concerns Strawson’s synchronic view? Strawson suggests that the self is a single, distinct mental thing existing at a given time synchronically and a subject of experience. He denies the claim that the self is an agent or has personality. More importantly, he holds that the core conditions of the self don’t inclu..