2024-1 Seminar Epistemology As is widely known, debates between externalism and internalism are often characterized by the question of whether epistemology is (or should be) a normative science. “Epistemic norms are norms describing when it is epistemically permissible to hold various beliefs. […] Epistemic norms govern ‘right reasoning’” (Pollock 1987: 61; my emphasis). “[T]o say that a belief ..