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2024-2 Social OntologySegment 1 1. In what ways does Mason and Ritchie argue that social ontology has room for metaphysics?Mason and Ritchie argue that both reductionism and eliminativism fail to exclude social entities from metaphysics. First, even if social entities are reducible to non-social entities, they still belong to metaphysics because they exist. Second, even if social entities can be..

2024-2 Social OntologyPassinsky, Asya (2020). Should Bitcoin Be Classified as Money? Journal of Social Ontology 6 (2):281-292.  1 IntroductionThe launch of bitcoin in 2009 ushered in [도입되다] a new age of ‘virtual currencies’. Today, there are thousands of such currencies in existence. These virtual currencies share some features in common with standard currencies such as the US dollar, the euro, ..

2024-1 Social Ontology On Guala’s Money as an Institution and Money as an Object SummaryIn his paper, Guala aims to show that “our ordinary ways to conceptualize the social world do not lead to formulate explanatorily powerful theories or generalizations” (Guala 2020: 267). According to him, the clash between two incompatible intuitions is the origin of philosophical paradoxes. However, the intu..

2024-2 Social Ontology Guala, Francesco. "Money as an Institution and Money as an Object" Journal of Social Ontology, vol. 6, no. 2, 2020, pp. 265-279.   1 IntroductionThe world of our ordinary experience is made of chairs, trees, dogs, hats, cars, and other middle-sized concrete entities. Human cognition seems to be programmed to pick up objects of this kind, and there are obvious pragmatic rea..

2024-2 Social OntologyK. Koslicki (2018). “Artifacts”, ch.8 of Form, Matter, Substance  8.1 Introductory Remarks Artifacts have come up several times during the course of this study.① Firstly, we considered artifacts in Chapter 3, in the context of discussing the assignment of forms to their proper ontological category. In this context, I brought up the account developed by Evnine (2016a) who pr..

2024-2 Feminist Ethics  Bettcher, T. M. (2014). Trapped in the Wrong Theory: Rethinking Trans Oppression and Resistance. Signs, 39(2), 383–406.     1. The psychological variant of the model, the "wrong-body" model, and  the “beyond the binary” model The psychological variant of the modelThe wrong-body model   The “beyond the binary” model.Transsexuality is viewed as a problem of the..

2024-2 Social OntologyKhalidi, Muhammad Ali (2015). Three Kinds of Social Kinds. Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 90 (1):96-112.  1. Social Kinds and Human KindsSocial kinds, or human kinds, are frequently said to be different from natural kinds for various reasons.① they are ontologically subjective since they depend on human mental attitudes for their very existence (Searle 1995).② the..

2024-2 Social Ontology Searle, J. R. (1995). The Construction of Social Reality. New York: Free Press. [31-57] 1. Some Apparent Features of Social RealityTo begin, let us identify some of the apparent features of social reality we would like to explain. Because I believe philosophical investigations should begin naively (how they proceed and conclude is another matter), I will simply list half a..

2024-2 Social Ontology Searle, J. R. (1995). The Construction of Social Reality. New York: Free Press. [1-29]  The Building Blocks of Social Reality1. The Metaphysical Burden of Social Realitythere are portions of the real world, objective facts in the world, that are only facts by human agreement. In a sense there are things that exist only because we believe them to exist. I am thinking of thi..

2024-2 Social OntologyMason, Rebecca & Ritchie, Katherine (2020). Social Ontology. In Ricki Bliss & James Miller (eds.), The Routledge Handbook of Metametaphysics. New York, NY: Routledge, 312-324. Traditionally, social entities have not fallen within the purview of mainstream metaphysics. [...] Here, in addition to surveying the field of social ontology, we consider whether the exclusion of soc..